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Title: | Risk markers for progression of mild nonproliferative retinopathy to clinically significant macular edema in type 2 diabetic patients | Authors: | Pereira, I. Nunes, S. Ribeiro, M. L. Bernardes, R. Cunha-Vaz, J. |
Issue Date: | 2008 | Citation: | Acta Ophthalmologica. 86:s243 (2008) 0-0 | Abstract: | Purpose To determine risk markers for the development of clinically significant macular edema (CSME) needing photocoagulation treatment in type 2 diabetic patients with mild nonproliferative retinopathy (NPDR), during a 7-year period. Methods Fifty-one type 2 diabetic patients with mild NPDR, followed-up for 2 years as controls of diabetic retinopathy clinical trials, were selected. Patients underwent ophthalmological examinations every 6 months, including stereoscopic color fundus photography, fluorescein angiography and vitreous fluorophotometry, and were metabolically controlled. These patients were thereafter followed-up for the next 5 years by conventional general and ophthalmological care. Results At the end of the 7-year follow-up period, 8 patients developed CSME, needing photocoagulation treatment. These patients presented a higher microaneurysm (MA) formation rate at the first year of follow-up (p<0.001), a higher blood-retinal barrier (BRB) permeability value (p=0.042), an abnormal foveal avascular zone (FAZ) contour on fluorescein angiography (p=0.009) and a higher HbA1C level at baseline (p=0.001). Conclusion Microaneurysm formation rate higher or equal to 3 MA/year, BRB permeability values over or equal to 4.0 nm.s-1, evidence of abnormalities in the FAZ, and hemoglobin A1C levels at baseline, are risk markers for progression of NPDR to CSME in patients with type 2 diabetes. | URI: | https://hdl.handle.net/10316/8394 | DOI: | 10.1111/j.1755-3768.2008.4414.x | Rights: | openAccess |
Appears in Collections: | FMUC Medicina - Artigos em Revistas Internacionais |
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