Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: https://hdl.handle.net/10316/114813
Title: Antioxidants in Sunscreens: Which and What For?
Authors: Jesus, Ana
Mota, Sandra 
Torres, Ana
Cruz, Maria T. 
Sousa, Emília
Almeida, Isabel F.
Cidade, Honorina 
Keywords: sunscreens; antioxidants; trends; scientific evidence; photoprotection
Issue Date: 6-Jan-2023
Publisher: MDPI
Project: UIDP/04378/2020 
UIDB/04378/2020 
LA/P/0140/2020 
UIDP/04423/2020 
UIDP/04539/2020 
NORTE-01-0145- FEDER-000040 
CENTRO-01-0145-FEDER-000012 
NORTE- 01-0247-FEDER-047239 
UI/BD/151319/2021 
NORTE-01-0247-FEDER-047239 
info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/FCT/6817 - DCRRNI ID/UIDB/04423/2020 
Serial title, monograph or event: Antioxidants
Volume: 12
Issue: 1
Abstract: Ultraviolet (UV) radiation promotes the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and nitrogen species (RNS), resulting in skin damage. Cosmetic industries have adopted a strategy to incorporate antioxidants in sunscreen formulations to prevent or minimize UV-induced oxidative damage, boost photoprotection effectiveness, and mitigate skin photoaging. Many antioxidants are naturally derived, mainly from terrestrial plants; however, marine organisms have been increasingly explored as a source of new potent antioxidant molecules. This work aims to characterize the frequency of the use of antioxidants in commercial sunscreens. Photoprotective formulations currently marketed in parapharmacies and pharmacies were analyzed with respect to the composition described on the label. As a result, pure compounds with antioxidant activity were found. The majority of sunscreen formulations contained antioxidants, with vitamin E and its derivatives the most frequent. A more thorough analysis of these antioxidants is also provided, unveiling the top antioxidant ingredients found in sunscreens. A critical appraisal of the scientific evidence regarding their effectiveness is also performed. In conclusion, this work provides an up-to-date overview of the use of antioxidants in commercial sunscreens for a better understanding of the advantages associated with their use in photoprotective formulations.
URI: https://hdl.handle.net/10316/114813
ISSN: 2076-3921
DOI: 10.3390/antiox12010138
Rights: openAccess
Appears in Collections:I&D CNC - Artigos em Revistas Internacionais
FFUC- Artigos em Revistas Internacionais

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