Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item:
https://hdl.handle.net/10316/108399
Title: | Prospects for Improving Gravity-Fed Surface Irrigation Systems in Mediterranean European Contexts | Authors: | Masseroni, Daniele Ricart, Sandra de Cartagena, Francisco Monserrat, Joaquim Gonçalves, José Lima, Isabel de Facchi, Arianna Sali, Guido Gandolfi, Claudio |
Keywords: | gravity-fed surface irrigation systems; irrigation network; irrigation policy; water multi-functionality; irrigated agriculture sustainability | Issue Date: | 2017 | Publisher: | MDPI | Serial title, monograph or event: | Water (Switzerland) | Volume: | 9 | Issue: | 1 | Abstract: | Traditionally, most irrigation practices in Southern Europe have been based on gravity-fed surface irrigation systems. Currently, these systems remain a relevant typology in the European Union (EU) member states of the Mediterranean areas, where it is often the only sustainable method for farmers due to the small size of agricultural holdings, their reduced capacity and readiness to invest and the low ratio between yield profits and irrigation costs. In the last several years, in response to European and national directives, surface irrigation has garnered increasing attention at the political and bureaucratic levels due to frequent criticisms of its postulated low efficiency and high water wastage. However, these systems commonly provide a number of ecosystem services and nature-based solutions that increase the positive externalities in different rural socio-ecological contexts and often have the potential to extend these services and provide solutions that are compatible with economical sustainability. This study aims to discuss the prospects for new practices and for the rehabilitation and modernization of the gravity-fed surface irrigation systems in EU Mediterranean areas to enhance water efficiency, thus gaining both economic advantages and environmental benefits. The difficulties, stimuli for improvements and peculiarities of the irrigation water management of four rural environments located in Italy, Spain and Portugal were analyzed and compared to the current state of the gravity-fed surface irrigation systems with hypothetical future improvements achievable by innovative technologies and practices. In these different case studies, the current gravity-fed surface irrigation systems have an obsolete regulatory structure; water-use efficiency is not a driving criterion for the management of the conveyance and distribution canal network, and farmers are not yet adequately encouraged to adopt more efficient gravity-fed irrigation practices. A continuous knowledge exchange is thus necessary for the interaction of all irrigation water managers and farmers to improve their eco-efficiency and to preserve and promote their cultural heritage across the entire water supply and delivery chains. We argue that the best way forward will require precisely targeted rehabilitation measures of gravity-fed surface irrigation systems based on the integrated use of decision support services, gate automation, remote and feedback controls and real-time flow optimization. | URI: | https://hdl.handle.net/10316/108399 | ISSN: | 2073-4441 | DOI: | 10.3390/w9010020 | Rights: | openAccess |
Appears in Collections: | I&D MARE - Artigos em Revistas Internacionais |
Files in This Item:
File | Description | Size | Format | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Prospects-for-improving-gravityfed-surface-irrigation-systems-in-mediterranean-european-contextsWater-Switzerland.pdf | 9.25 MB | Adobe PDF | View/Open |
Page view(s)
36
checked on Aug 28, 2024
Download(s)
10
checked on Aug 28, 2024
Google ScholarTM
Check
Altmetric
Altmetric
This item is licensed under a Creative Commons License