The effect of two training protocols, resistance and High Intensity Interval Training on PPAR-y gene expression in visceral fat tissue in obese diabetic

Abstract

Abstract Introduction: Obesity and type 2 diabetes are the leading causes of death and disability adjusted life years in the world. On the other hand, exercise and physical activity are considered as a safe and cost-effective way to prevent and control type 2 diabetes and obesity. However, researchers are still looking at the effects of exercise on the factors that affect these diseases. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of two training protocols, resistance and High Intensity Interval Training on PPAR-y gene expression in visceral fat tissue in obese diabetic rats. Methods: Statistical samples of the present study were male Wistar rats of Pasteur Institute of Tehran. 18 male 10-week-old male Wistar rats weighing 220±20 g were divided into three obese diabetic groups (control, resistance training group and high-intensity interval training). Finally, the samples were divided into three groups: resistance training (6 heads), control (6 heads) and high intensity interval training (6 heads). In addition to the high-fat diet, the resistance training group performed resistance training for 6 weeks, 5 sessions per week in 5 sets with 4 repetitions in each set. Further, in addition to the high-fat diet, the high-intensity interval training group performed high-intensity interval aerobic exercise for 6 weeks, 5 sessions of 30 minutes. The control group only continued the normal course of their lives with a high-fat diet. Finally, all rats were dissected 48 hours after the last training session and serum indices and visceral adipose tissue gene expression were measured. For statistical analysis, SPSS software version 25 and repeated measures ANOVA were used. Results: The results of statistical analysis of the data showed a significant increase in the expression of PPAR-y gene (p <0.05), serum insulin (p <0.01) and a significant decrease in serum glucose (p <0.01) and insulin resistance (p <0.01). 0.01) in the HIIT exercise group. Also, serum insulin levels in the resistance training group were significantly increased (P, 0.01) and serum glucose levels (p <0.01) and insulin resistance (p <0.01) were significantly reduced. Conclusion: In general, according to the results of the present study on improving glucose indices such as decreased serum glucose and insulin resistance and increased serum insulin levels in the two groups of resistance training and HIIT and also a significant increase in PPAR y gene expression in the HIIT group, these protocols can be used to control and prevent type 2 diabetes, as well as, managing its complications, including obesity.