Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: https://hdl.handle.net/10316/25617
Title: Therapeutic Concentrations of Mitoxantrone Elicit Energetic Imbalance in H9c2 Cells as an Earlier Event
Authors: Rossato, Luciana Grazziotin 
Costa, Vera Marisa 
Vilas-Boas, Vânia 
Bastos, Maria de Lourdes 
Rolo, Anabela 
Palmeira, C. M. 
Remião, Fernando 
Keywords: Mitoxantrone; Cardiotoxicity; Energetic failure; Oxidative stress; Energetic imbalance
Issue Date: 2013
Publisher: Springer Science
metadata.degois.publication.title: Cardiovascular Toxicology
metadata.degois.publication.volume: 13
metadata.degois.publication.issue: 4
Abstract: Mitoxantrone (MTX) is a chemotherapeutic agent that emerged as an alternative to anthracycline therapy. However, MTX also causes late cardiotoxicity, being oxidative stress and mitochondrial-impaired function proposed as possible mechanisms. This work aimed to investigate the relevance of these mechanisms to the MTX toxicity in H9c2 cells, using therapeutic concentrations. The observed cytotoxicity of MTX was time and concentration dependent in both lactate dehydrogenase leakage assay and MTT reduction assay. Two therapeutic concentrations (100 nM and 1 lM) and three time points were selected (24, 48, and 96 h) for further studies. Both MTX concentrations caused a significant increase in caspase-3 activity, which was not prevented by inhibiting MTX CYP450-metabolism. Significant decreases were observed in the total and reduced glutathione levels only in MTX 100 nM at 96 h; however, neither alterations in oxidized glutathione nor increases in the malondialdehyde levels were observed at any time or concentrations tested. On the other hand, changes in the intracellular ATP levels, mitochondrial membrane potential, and intracellular calcium levels were observed in both concentrations and all time tested. Noteworthy, decreased levels of ATP-synthase expression and activity and increases in the reactive species generation were observed at 96 h in both working concentrations. However, the radical scavenger N-acetylcysteine or the mitochondrial function enhancer L-carnitine did not prevent MTX cytotoxicity. Thus, this work evidenced the early MTX-induced energetic crisis as a possible key factor in the cell injury.
URI: https://hdl.handle.net/10316/25617
DOI: 10.1007/s12012-013-9224-0
Rights: openAccess
Appears in Collections:FCTUC Ciências da Vida - Artigos em Revistas Internacionais

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