Antropologia: Filosofia ou Ciência? Um debate entre Sartre e Lévi-Strauss

Abstract

This article attempts a comparison of Sartre's and Levi-Strauss's views of anthropology. For Sartre philosophy is essentially anthropology just as anthropology gains a global dimension only through philosophy. Philosophy, on the other hand, is viewed as an autonomous knowing vis-a-vis the sciences, since, having its origin in an insurmountable, irreducible source-consciousness-it has a real, concrete object: existence in situation, historical praxis, the lived. On the contrary, Lévi-Strauss claims to place himself on a strictly scientific level, even to the point of denying all validity to philosophy, perhaps merely granting it the statute of «epistemological reflexion », with no real concrete object other than the scientific discourse itself.