A Systematic Approach to Design Product Traceability in Industry 4.0: Insights from the Ceramic Industry

Abstract

Departing from a case in the table and ornamental ceramics industry, we propose a comprehensive approach to design product traceability for Industry 4.0. Our design-science research approach includes a review of traceability technologies and participative enterprise modeling. We find benefits in combining Business Process Modeling Notation and Goal-oriented Requirement Language representations to (1) improve communication in complex Information System Development scenarios, (2) promote reflection by experts with different backgrounds, and (3) reach consensus in a solution that addresses the goals of multiple stakeholders. The resulting model combines technologies in different stages of product lifecycle. Depending on each stage and strategic intention, the identification code can be embedded in the product, transport, or package. Our contribution can assist managers in the creation of digital ecosystems to support traceability integration at (1) technological, (2) vertical, and (3) horizontal levels that are required in the fourth industrial revolution.